When no heat is added or removed from a system, what happens to the internal energy if the system does 30 J of work?

According to the First Law of Thermodynamics (ΔU=Q−W), if no heat is added or removed (Q=0), the change in internal energy equals the negative of the work done.

So, ΔU=0−30=−30 J.

This negative value indicates that the system’s internal energy decreases by 30 J because it expends energy performing work.