“The State and Revolution” was written by Vladimir Lenin in 1917. In this work, Lenin discusses the role of the state in society, the nature of revolutionary change, and the necessity of a dictatorship of the proletariat. Lenin views the state as an instrument of the ruling class, which serves to maintain the interests of the bourgeoisie. He argues that the state must be overthrown and replaced with a system that represents the interests of the proletariat.